M. Gubinelli
The stack of iterated integrals of a path is embedded in a larger algebraic structure where iterated integrals are indexed by decorated rooted trees and where an extended Chen's multiplicative property involves the Dürr-Connes-Kreimer coproduct on rooted trees. This turns out to be the natural setting for a non-geometric theory of rough paths.
M. Gubinelli. Ramification of rough paths. Papers of Massimiliano Gubinelli, 2006, version 1. https://mgubi.org/papers/paper/ramification-rough-paths/
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Papers of Massimiliano Gubinelli: an OpenSheaf archive (format 0.1, a draft); this page is generated by opensheaf-py from the archive.